Clinical features of intestinal polyps and risk factors for secondary intussusception in children: an analysis of 2 669 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical features of intestinal polyps and the risk factors for secondary intussusception in children.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the medical data of 2 669 children with intestinal polyps. According to the presence or absence of secondary intussusception, they were divided into two groups: intussusception (n=346) and non-intussusception (n=2 323). Related medical data were compared between the two groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for secondary intussusception.@*RESULTS@#Among the children with intestinal polyps, 62.42% were preschool children, and the male/female ratio was 2.08∶1; 92.66% had hematochezia as disease onset, and 94.34% had left colonic polyps and rectal polyps. There were 346 cases of secondary intussusception, with an incidence rate of 12.96% (346/2 669). Large polyps (OR=1.644, P<0.001), multiple polyps (≥2) (OR=6.034, P<0.001), and lobulated polyps (OR=93.801, P<0.001) were the risk factors for secondary intussusception.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Intestinal polyps in children often occur in preschool age, mostly in boys, and most of the children have hematochezia as disease onset, with the predilection sites of the left colon and the rectum. Larger polyps, multiple polyps, and lobulated polyps may increase the risk of secondary intussusception, and endoscopic intervention is needed as early as possible to improve prognosis.

Association of asymmetric dimethylarginine with the pathological process of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the change in asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in the circulation system of full-term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and its association with treatment response, as well as the possibility of ADMA as a therapeutic target and a marker for treatment response.@*METHODS@#A prospective study was performed. A total of 30 full-term neonates who were diagnosed with PPHN within 3 days after birth were enrolled as the PPHN group, and the neonates without PPHN, matched for gestational age and age, who were treated or observed in the department of neonatology were enrolled as the control group. Serum samples were collected on days 1, 7, and 14 of treatment. The high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure the serum concentrations of L-arginine, ADMA, and its isomer symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA).@*RESULTS@#For the neonates in the control group, the serum concentrations of ADMA and L-arginine continuously increased and the serum concentration of SDMA continuously decreased within the first 14 days of treatment. On days 1 and 14, there was no significant difference in the serum concentration of ADMA between the control and PPHN groups (P>0.05). On day 7, the PPHN group had a significantly higher serum concentration of ADMA than the control group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in serum concentrations of SDMA or L-arginine (P>0.05). Moreover, after 7 days of treatment, the PPHN neonates with a systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) of >35 mmHg had a significantly higher serum concentration of ADMA than those with an sPAP of ≤35 mm Hg.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There are continuous increases in the ADMA concentration and the ADMA/SDMA ratio in the circulation system of full-term infants within the first 2 weeks after birth, and this process is accelerated by the pathological process of PPHN, suggesting that ADMA may be involved in the pathologic process of PPHN. A high level of ADMA is associated with the resistance to PPHN treatment, suggesting that inhibition of ADMA might be a potential target of drug intervention to improve the treatment response of PPHN.

Efecto de la aplicación del software de chat de teléfonos inteligentes en el seguimiento de pacientes con fractura de cadera / Application of the smartphone chat software in the monitoring of patients with hip fracture

INTRODUCCIÓN: Estudiar el efecto de la aplicación del software de chat de teléfonos inteligentes en el seguimiento de pacientes mayores con fractura de cadera. MÉTODOS: Un total de 160 pacientes de edad avanzada con fractura de cadera tratados desde enero hasta diciembre de 2018 se inscribieron y dividieron en grupo control (n = 80) y grupo observacional (n = 80) de acuerdo con la tabla de números aleatorios. Ambos grupos, recibieron las indicaciones habituales al alta hospitalaria. Los pacientes del grupo observacional, además, se incluyeron en el software de chat de teléfonos inteligentes para proporcionar un seguimiento y orientación de rehabilitación de forma continuada. Se compararon: grado de satisfacción, cumplimiento, la capacidad de autocuidado de la vida, las complicaciones y la mortalidad de los dos grupos después del alta. RESULTADOS: Los datos clínicos básicos de los dos grupos no mostraron diferencias y fueron comparables. Hubo 5 muertes en el grupo observacional, que fue significativamente menor que 13 muertes en el grupo de control (p = 0,045); 10 casos en el grupo observacional tuvieron complicaciones, que fueron significativamente menores que 21 casos en el grupo de control (p = 0,028). La puntuación del índice de Barthel entre los dos grupos no fue diferente al alta (p = 0,916), pero después de 1 año, la puntuación del grupo observacional fue significativamente mayor que el grupo de control (p = 0,000). El cumplimiento y la satisfacción del grupo de observación fueron significativamente mayores que los del grupo de control (p = 0,013 y p = 0,000, respectivamente). CONCLUSIÓN: El uso del software de chat de teléfonos inteligentes para control de seguimiento y conducir la rehabilitación de las fracturas de cadera en personas mayores puede mejorar el cumplimiento del paciente, la satisfacción y la capacidad de autocuidado, y reducir complicaciones y la mortalidad, lo que es digno de promoción y aplicación

OBJETIVE: To study the effect of the application of the smartphone chat software in the follow-up of elderly patients with hip fracture. METHODS: A total of 160 elderly patients with hip fracture treated from January to December 2018 were enrolled and divided into control group (n = 80) and observational group (n = 80) according to the table of random numbers. Both groups received the usual indications for hospital discharge. The patients in the observational group were also included in the smartphone chat software to provide ongoing follow-up and rehabilitation guidance. The degree of satisfaction, compliance, life self-care capacity, complications and mortality of the two groups after discharge were compared. RESULTS: The basic clinical data of the two groups showed no difference and were comparable. There were 5 deaths in the experimental group, which was significantly lower than 13 deaths in the control group (p = 0,045); 10 cases in the experimental group had complications, which were significantly lower than 21 cases in the control group (p = 0,028). The Barthel index score between the two groups was not difference at discharge (p = 0,916), but after 1 year the Barthel index score of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0,000). The compliance and satisfaction of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p = 0,013 and p = 0,000, respectively). CONCLUSION: Using smart phone chat software to follow-up and guide the rehabilitation of elderly hip fractures can improve patient compliance, satisfaction and self-care ability, and reduce complications and mortality, which is worthy of promotion and application

Ingredients changes in Rehmanniae Radix processing based by HPLC-ELSD specific chromatogram / 中国中药杂志

To establish the HPLC-ELSD specific chromatogram analysis method of Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Prae-parata, and analyze and compare their chemical compositions, so as to reveal the change regularity of compositions during the proces-sing. By HPLC-ELSD method, the chromatographic column for Prevail Carbohydrate ES(4.6 mm ×250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted, with acetonitrile(A)-water(B) as mobile phase for gradient elution, and the evaporative light-scattering detector was used. A total of 23 batches of Rehmannia Radix samples, and 25 batches of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata samples and processing dynamic samples were compared. The established method had a great repeatability, precision and stability. Eight common chromatographic peaks were extracted from 23 batches of Rehmanniae Radix samples, 8 common peaks were extracted from 25 Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, and 7 chromatographic peaks were identified. The composition ratio of Rehmannia Radix was changed greatly during the processing. When the simila-rity≥0.95 and the fructose peak area was more than 2 times of stachyose tetrahydrate or more than 20 times of raffinose, the processing degree conformed to the requirements of empirical identification. The three main oligosaccharides of Rehmanniae Radix were sucrose that was heated to generate fructose and glucose, stachyose tetrahydrate that was heated to generate melibiose, sucrose and fructose, and stachyose tetrahydrate that was heated to generate manninotriose. The change in the index of proportion between monosaccharides and oligosaccharides can be used as the quantitative criterion for the processing quality of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata.

Determination of chlorate and perchlorate in eggs by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of chlorate and perchlorate in eggs by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). Methods: After homogenizing, the egg samples were extracted with 0.1% formate water-acetonitrile,purified by PRIME HLB column,and separated by Thermo Acclaim™ Trinity™ P1 ion exchange column. Eluates from the HPLC system were introduced into Waters Xevo TQ-XS triple quadrupole UPLC-MS/MS system in negative electrospray ionization mode using multiple reaction monitor- ing(MRM),with chlorate18O3 and perchlorate18O4 as internal standard. Results: The chlorate had a good linear rela- tionship in the range of 0.2-100.0 μg/L,with R>0.999. Perchlorate had a good linear relationship in the range of 0.1-50.0 μg/L,with R>0.999. The average recovery of chlorate was 95.7-109.4%,and the precision was 3.0-9.1%. The average recovery of perchlorate was 95.6%-115.3%,and the precision was 2.1%-8.6%. Conclusion: The estab- lished method appears to be simple,rapid,accurate,sensitive,and suitable for the determination of chlorate and per- chlorate in high protein samples.

Progress in Hypoglycemic Effect and Mechanism of Polysaccharides / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Diabetes and its relevant complications have been increasing each year. Oral hypoglycemic agents can temporarily control blood sugar within a normal range, but with serious side effects on multiple systems and no significant efficacy on diabetic complications. Polysaccharide, as a natural drug with various activities, has become a hotspot in recent years, because of its safety, efficacy and low toxicity. More and more researches for the relations between polysaccharides and diabetes have demonstrated that polysaccharides have the advantages of a high safety and low toxicity in treating diabetes. In addition, some polysaccharides may show an effect in alleviating diabetic complications. This paper summarizes recent researches on the hypoglycemic mechanism of polysaccharides. Polysaccharides could protect islet β cell, increase the number of islet cells, promote insulin secretion or release, increase insulin sensitivity, improve insulin resistance and improve glucose metabolism. And polysaccharides can be used in alleviating diabetes-related kidney, eye and foot disease. This report proposes shortcomings for the extraction, activity research and multi-target effects of polysaccharides for diabetes treatment. In addition, this report reviews how polysaccharides affect diabetes and complications, so as provide a scientific reference for the hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides.

Clinical and fundamental research Yinhua Miyanling Tablets in treating urinary tract infection / 中国中药杂志

As the famous Chinese patent medicine, Yinhua Miyanling Tablets, which was derived from ancient prescription denominated Bazhengsan, has not only the effects in clearing away heat and purging pathogenic fire, removing dampness and relieving stranguria, but also have the functions of detoxifying and tonifying. A great number of scientific studies have demonstrated that Yinhua Mi-yanling Tablets played significant roles in destroying harmful microbes and resisting inflammatory and diuresis. Compared with antibiotics, traditional antibacterial Chinese patent medicine Yinhua Miyanling Tablets has the advantage in bacterial resistance in long-term use. Fundamental studies about the content of pharmaceutical ingredients and the modern pharmacology of Yinhua Miyanling Tablets were collected and summarized, which conduces to indicating the active ingredients of Yinhua Miyanling Tablets with the medicinal efficacy from the molecular level and the internal mechanism of Yinhua Miyanling Tablets in the treatment of urinary tract infection(UTI) from the scientific perspective. In the field of clinical research, literatures associated with Yinhua Miyanling Tablets for the treatment of UTI were summarized and analyzed in terms of treatment type, administration mode, dosage, frequency of medication, course, efficiency, side effects and whether combined with healthy lifestyle. These literatures confirmed the medicinal values and the application prospect of Yinhua Miyanling Tablets in treating UTI, especially acute UTI, which provides a scientific theoretical foundation and a correct direction for the clinical application of Yinhua Miyanling Tablets. In conclusion, this article contributes to the standardization of Yinhua Miyanling Tablets in the treatment of UTI, in the expectation of giving the scientific guidance for clinical practice.

Construction of rat interleukin-10 adenoviral vector and its expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To construct the recombinant adenoviral vector carrying the rat interleukin-10 (rIL-10) gene, and to investigate whether it is stably expressed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.@*METHODS@#The rIL-10 gene was amplified by PCR from template rIL-10 cDNA, and the recovered 656 bp rIL-10 DNA fragment was cloned into pcDNA3.1 to construct pcDNA3.1-IL-10. Then HEK293 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-IL-10 and adenoviral vector for homologous recombination, and sequencing and PCR were used to evaluate whether recombination was successful. HEK293 cells were lysed by repeated freeze-thaw cycles, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were infected with the virus solution containing the rIL-10 gene. Western blot was used to measure the expression of rIL-10 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.@*RESULTS@#Sequencing and PCR verified that the rIL-10 adenoviral vector was successfully constructed, with a virus titer of 4×10 PFU/mL. The expression of IL-10 was detected after bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were infected by the virus solution containing the rIL-10 gene.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The constructed rIL-10 recombinant adenovirus can mediate the stable expression of rIL-10 gene in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which provides a basis for gene transplantation therapy of inflammatory bowel disease.

Study on original plant species and geographical distribution of Fructus Aurantii / 中国中药杂志

The original plant species of Fructus Aurantii are multitudinous and complex, and their requirements to the growing environment is strict. In order to clarify the original plant species and geographical distribution of Fructus Aurantii which recorded in the standards and circulated, used in commodity. The national and local standards of Chinese medicinal materials were collected and the original plants of Fructus Aurantii recoded in standards were found. Ten original plant species of Fructus Aurantii (including varieties of cultivars, the same below) were recorded in the Chinese pharmacopoeia and six local standards of Zhejiang, Yunnan and Guizhou etc. The producing areas and commodity in markets of Fructus Aurantii were investigated. The growth environment and geographical distribution of them were analyzed. There are six types of Fructus Aurantii i.e., Fructus Aurantii Chuan, Fructus Aurantii Xiang, Fructus Aurantii Jiang, Fructus Aurantii Qu, Fructus Aurantii Su, Fructus Aurantii Wen, and nineteen species of original plants in the practical commodities. There are four major Fructus Aurantii producing areas: Sichuan Basin, Dongting Lake Plain, Poyang Lake Plain, Jinqu Basin and its surrounding hilly areas. All of them are located in the area of the east longitude 104° to 121° and the northern latitudes 27° to 31°. There is a certain difference between the actual commodity and the standards of medicinal materials. It is suggested that the traditional mainstream types of Fructus Aurantii with fine quality should be accepted into Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the types with poor quality should be withdrawn from Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Contents of eight saccharides in unprocessed and processed Rehmannia glutinosa and content changes at different processing time points / 中草药

Objective: To analyze the contents of eight saccharides in unprocessed and processed Rehmannia glutinosa by HPLC and to investigate the impacts of processing time on saccharides in R. glutinosa. Methods: HPLC conditions were as follows: Prevail Carbohydrate ES column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, ELSD detector, acetonitrile as mobile A and water as mobile B for gradient elution. Results: Fructose, glucose, surcrose, melibiose, raffinose, manninotriose, stachyose, and verbascose were separated with good linear relationships within their corresponding concentration ranges, the r values were within 0.998 4-0.999 7; the average recovery was 97.5%-103.2%. The content analysis at different processing time points showed that surcrose, raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose exhibited decreasing trend during processing, while fructose, glucose, melibiose, and manninotriose exhibited significantly increasing trend. Conclusion: The proportions of saccharides in unprocessed and processed R. glutinosa are significantly different, and the results of this study could provide the data support for revealing the processing mechanism of R. glutinosa.

Dynamic accumulations and distributions of eight chemical constituents of Hunan Belladonnae Herba in various parts and different growing periods / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the dynamic accumulations and distributions of eight chemical compounds of Belladonnae Herba in different growing periods and explore the distribution of each ingredient in various parts. Methods: The detection was performed by RP-HPLC with diode array detector (DAD). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05% phosphonic acid in gradient elution. The HPLC method was established for the simultaneous determination of the eight compounds, such as scopolin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-O-galactose (6→1) rhamnose-7-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucose (6→1) rhamnose-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-galactose (6→1) rhamnose-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucose-(6→1) rhamnose-7-O-glucoside, scopoletin, and rutin, and also for the the comparison on the changes of each ingredient in different growing periods and distribution in various parts. Results: The total amount of each ingredient in the whole plant increased along with its growth. However, each ingredient had different rate of increase, in addition, most compounds would reach to a balance of accumulation in the middle or the last third of June. The analysis results showed scopolin mainly distributed in the roots, while chlorogenic acid had a higher distribution in the leaves and flowers; Scopoletin distributed evenly among all parts in the plant, and the others possessed a higher distribution among the leaves and flowers, however, there was scare distribution in the roots. Conclusion: Each ingredient of Belladonnae Herba has different rate of increase and different distribution in each part, resulting in comparatively large difference of each compound. The experimental data of this research could provide the basis for the implantation, harvest and collection, and quality evaluation of Belladonnae Herba.

Biotransformation of polydatin by rat intestinal bacteria / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the gastrointestinal metabolic transformation of polydatin, one of the main bioactive components in Rhizoma Polygoni, thus to figure out the possible biological modification exerted by rat intestinal bacteria in vitro and in vivo, and to determine the possible metabolites. METHODS: The biological samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) after treatments, respectively. RESULTS: Two main compounds, polydatin and resveratrol, were identified in rat gastrointestinal contents 4 h after the ig administration of polydatin 1500 mg·kg-1. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that polydatin could be metabolized to resveratrol by rat intestinal bacteria through desugarization. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on platelet activation and coagulation function in patients with acute cerebral infarction / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) on platelet activation and coagulation function in patients with acute cerebral infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-six patients with acute cerebral infarction and 50 health individuals were enrolled in the study. Hp antibody,expression of CD62p on platelets and clotting indexes were measured and compared between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of Hp-IgG and Hp-CagA in cerebral infarction patients were higher than that in controls (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD62p in patients with positive Hp-IgG and Hp-CagA was significantly higher than that in negative patients and also controls (P<0.05). The APTT and TT were lower and FIB was higher in patients with positive Hp antibody than those in patients with negative Hp antibody (P<0.05),but there was no difference in PT,PTR and INR (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Hp infection can activate platelets and affect coagulation function,which may be involved in the development of cerebral infarction.</p>

Construction of pharmacophore model of PARP-1 inhibitor / 药学学报

To construct the pharmacophore model of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor and to investigate the possible inhibitory mechanisms, ten pharmacophore models of PARP-1 inhibitor were established from the training set of thirty-eight PARP-1 inhibitors with conformer analysis and pharmacophore mapping by using the Catalyst software. Based on the mechanism of action and the known structure-activity relationship of PARP-1 inhibitor, an optimal pharmacophore model including two hydrogen-bonding acceptors and two aromatic hydrophobic core was confirmed. The reliability of the optimal pharmacophore model is preferably with RMS = 0.46, Correl = 0.91, Weight = 2.06, and Config = 15.97. This pharmacophore model not only provided some information about the interaction between enzyme and compound, but also showed excellent forecast ability and contributes to design the PARP-1 inhibitors with undiscovered structure.

Determination of danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde in Guanxinning injection powder by RP-HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>An RP-HPLC procedure was established for the determination of danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde in Guanxinning injection powder.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>An RP-HPLC analytical procedure was developed using Hypersil ODS2 C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with methanol-0.5% glaceal acetic acid (4.5:95.5) as mobile phase, and a wavelength of 280 nm for UV detection.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linear range was 3.004-45.06 microg x m(L-1) (r = 0.999 5, n = 6) for danshensu, and 0.300-4.509 microg x mL(-1) (r = 0.999 3, n = 6) for protocatechuic aldehyde. The average recoveries were 99.1% and 97.9%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was stable, accurate, and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Guanxinning injection powder.</p>

Fingerprint analyses of fructus Forsythiae / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide application basis of the Forsythia suspensa by studying the difference of HPLC-FP of F. suspensa fructification (medicinal materials).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Comparative work was done on F. suspensa produced in different areas, on different parts of Forsythia suspensa, and on the pseudo preducts with methods of HPLC-FP.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Different FP characteristics were shown respectively by different samples, which were from different producing areas, from different parts, and the pseudo products including the fructification of Syringa reticulata var. and F. viridissimac.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The FP can be used to distinguish the F. suspensa coming from different producing areas and different sources.</p>